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本文提出广义一维非定常流动计算模型,以计算排气管系中的气体流动。该模型考虑了分支质量添加的效应,使多缸机的计算得以简化。应用热力学第二定律对排气能量传递和转化进行分析,提出以(火用)差函数作为排气有用能的评价参数。最后建立了排气管系优化模型,以排气有用能传递效率为优化目标,利用工作过程计算得出了目标函数和结构参数之间的离散型函数关系,进行参数寻优。文中还介绍了根据以上方法进行结构优化设计所得到的试验结果。
In this paper, a general one-dimensional unsteady flow calculation model is proposed to calculate the gas flow in the exhaust pipe. The model considers the effect of branching quality addition, simplifying the calculation of multi-cylinder machines. The second law of thermodynamics is used to analyze the transfer and transformation of exhaust energy, and the exergy difference function is proposed as the evaluation parameter of exhaust useful energy. Finally, the optimization model of the exhaust pipe system is established. Taking the effective energy transfer efficiency of the exhaust as the optimization objective, the discrete function relationship between the objective function and the structural parameters is calculated and the parameters are optimized by using the working process. The article also introduces the experimental results obtained from the structural optimization design according to the above method.