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涂膜防水的特点是施工方法简便,在任意曲面和形态复杂的屋顶上也能施工。目前在日本涂膜防水所使用的材料,有1液型和2液型。1液型是用水或溶剂溶解后在基层上涂刷,通过水或溶剂蒸发而干燥硬化。2液型是通过材料的化学反应而硬化。表1所示为各种涂膜防水材料的特性。这些材料除环氧树脂外,几乎都是延伸率大的材料(20℃时延伸率为500～1000％)。聚氨酯类延伸率大,可以厚涂,是涂膜防水最合适的材料,但它存在耐热性差的问题。目前日本使用最广的是焦油改性聚氨酯树脂,但如用于外露防水,涂膜老化较快、收缩也大,且施工中散发出难闻的气味,选择材料时
The waterproof feature of the coating film is that the construction method is simple and it can also be applied to any roof with complex surfaces and shapes. At present, the materials used for water-repellent coating in Japan include 1 liquid type and 2 liquid type. The liquid form 1 is applied on the substrate after being dissolved in water or a solvent, and dried and hardened by evaporation of water or solvent. Liquid type 2 is hardened by the chemical reaction of the material. Table 1 shows the characteristics of various coating waterproof materials. In addition to epoxy resins, these materials are almost all materials with high elongation (elongation at 500 to 1000% at 20°C). Polyurethanes have a large elongation and can be thick-coated. They are the most suitable materials for water-repellent coatings, but they have the problem of poor heat resistance. At present, Japan’s most widely used is tar-modified polyurethane resin, but if used for exposed waterproof, the coating is aging faster and shrinks, and the construction emits an unpleasant odor. When selecting materials,