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目的探讨褪黑素对实验性糖尿病大鼠肾脏病变的保护作用及其机制。方法将实验动物随机分为正常对照组(C组)、糖尿病组( D组)及糖尿病褪黑素治疗组(M组)。给予褪黑素治疗4周,检测血糖、血肌酐、肾脏肥大指数(肾重/体重) 放免法测定 24 h 尿白蛋白排泄量, 对肾脏标本进行光镜观察, 用图像分析仪测量各组大鼠平均肾小球面积、平均肾小球体积。同时用实时荧光定量 RT- PCR 法对糖尿病大鼠肾皮质转化生长因子β1( TGF-1) mRNA 表达进行半定量分析。结果褪黑素治疗组较糖尿病组 24 h 尿白蛋白排泄量、肾脏肥大指数均明显下降 (P <0.05)。实时荧光定量 RT- PCR 检测糖尿病大鼠肾脏皮质 TGF-β1mRNA 表达明显高于正常对照组,为C组的9.2倍, 给予褪黑素治疗后, 糖尿病大鼠 TGF-β1 mRNA 表达水平下降 3.95 倍, 但仍明显高于正常对照组(P <0.01)。肾小球平均面积、平均肾小球体积 M 组显著低于 D 组(P <0.01)。结论褪黑素可抑制糖尿病大鼠肾脏皮质 TGF- β1 mRNA 表达, 减少糖尿病大鼠的尿白蛋白, 减轻及延缓肾小球硬化, 发挥保护肾脏的作用。
Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of melatonin on renal lesions in experimental diabetic rats. Methods The experimental animals were randomly divided into normal control group (C group), diabetic group (D group) and diabetic melatonin treatment group (M group). Melatonin treatment for 4 weeks, detection of blood glucose, serum creatinine, renal hypertrophy index (renal weight / body weight) radioimmunoassay 24 h urinary albumin excretion, the kidney specimens were observed by light microscopy, the image analyzer to measure the large Rat average glomerular area, the average glomerular volume. At the same time, real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in diabetic rat renal cortex. Results Compared with diabetic group, 24 h urinary albumin excretion and renal hypertrophy index in melatonin treatment group were significantly decreased (P <0.05). The expression of TGF-β1mRNA in renal cortex of diabetic rats was significantly higher than that of normal control group by real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR, which was 9.2 times of that of C group. After melatonin treatment, the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA in diabetic rats decreased 3.95 times, But still significantly higher than the normal control group (P <0.01). The mean glomerular area and mean glomerular volume in M group were significantly lower than those in D group (P <0.01). Conclusion Melatonin can inhibit the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA in the kidney cortex of diabetic rats, decrease the albuminuria in diabetic rats, relieve and delay the progression of glomerulosclerosis, and play a role in protecting the kidneys.