“方法”一词 ,起源于希腊语 ,原意是沿着某种道路前进的意思。方法的现代含义是指“人们在一切活动领域 ,从实践或理论上把握现实 ,为达到某种目的而采取的途径、手段、工具和方式的总和”。从管理学来看 ,任何管理过程都包括管理人员、管理对象、管理目标和管理方法四个基本 The word “method” originates in Greek and is intended to go somehow. The modern meaning of the method refers to “the sum total of the ways, means, tools and ways that people take in practically or theoretically in all fields of activity, in order to achieve a certain purpose.” From the management point of view, any management process includes managers, management objects, management objectives and management methods of the four basic