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目的分析喀什地区真菌感染的分布情况以及耐药性特点,为临床治疗真菌感染提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2013年1月-2015年12月自新疆喀什地区分离出的780株真菌菌株,应用VITEK MS对其鉴定到种,念珠菌属利用ATBFUNGUS3真菌药敏板条进行MIC法药敏试验。应用WHONET 5.6软件分析三年来的真菌检出率变化,以及标本来源、病区分布和耐药性特点。结果 2013年1月-2015年12月,真菌感染标本检出率呈现出逐年增高趋势;标本来源呼吸道标本占43.33%,尿液标本占40.26%;真菌感染病区分布重症监护病房(ICU)占40.26%;呼吸科占26.92%。780例真菌感染中,白色假丝酵母菌检出最多,占46.41%,其次是光滑假丝酵母菌(20.26%)。734株念珠菌属对两性霉素B、5-氟胞嘧啶、伏立康唑的敏感性最高,对伊曲康唑的敏感性较差。结论真菌感染部位以呼吸道为主,真菌感染以念珠菌属多见,临床治疗中应加强真菌感染的耐药监测,指导临床合理用药,以提高临床疗效。
Objective To analyze the distribution of fungal infections and the characteristics of drug resistance in Kashgar region and provide a reference for the clinical treatment of fungal infections. Methods A total of 780 strains of fungi isolated from Kashi area of Xinjiang from January 2013 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The strains were identified by VITEK MS. The susceptibility of Candida to ATBFUNGUS3 fungal susceptibility laths was tested by MIC method. . WHONET 5.6 software was used to analyze the changes in fungal detection rates over the past three years, as well as the source of the specimens, ward distribution, and drug resistance characteristics. Results The detection rate of fungal infections showed a trend of increasing year by year from January 2013 to December 2015. The specimens from the respiratory tract accounted for 43.33% and the urine specimens accounted for 40.26%. The distribution of fungal infections in the intensive care unit (ICU) 40.26%; respiratory department accounted for 26.92%. Of 780 cases of fungal infections, Candida albicans detected the most, accounting for 46.41%, followed by Candida glabrata (20.26%). 734 strains of Candida genus amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, voriconazole the highest sensitivity to itraconazole less well. Conclusion The main fungal infection is respiratory tract. Fungal infection is more common in Candida. In clinical treatment, drug resistance monitoring of fungal infection should be strengthened to guide clinical rational use of drugs to improve clinical efficacy.