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目的通过对株洲市适龄儿童家长或监护人的调查,掌握和了解该市扩大国家免疫政策实施过程中存在的问题。方法在全市城区和乡镇随机抽取440名适龄儿童监护人进行问卷调查。结果收回有效问卷421份,能完全正确回答关于扩免政策的三个内容知晓率达70.8%,城区和农村知晓率分别为80.6%和62.2%;对国家扩免政策的满意度评价均达95%,评价分很好、一般和不好三个等级;在接种过程中接种单位对监护人履行的一些告知服务统计表明:三项告知服务都能完成为70.3%,城市高于农村(P<0.01),分别为79.1%和62.7%;对扩免政策的了解主要来源于接种医生告知、广播、电视、报纸及接种宣传画5种途径。结论国家扩大免疫工作是一项社会公益性的系统性工作,需要全社会来关心、支持,特别是解决财政经费如接种经费和补助经费及时发放,同时各级卫生行政部门、疾控机构要加强管理,加大宣传力度,提高公共卫生服务水平,切实把这项“民生健康”工作做好。
Objective To investigate and understand the problems in expanding the implementation of the national immunization policy in Zhuzhou through surveys of parents or guardians of children of school age in Zhuzhou. Methods A total of 440 school-age children guardians were randomly selected from the city and township of the whole city for questionnaire survey. Results 421 valid questionnaires were retrieved, which fully and correctly answered 70.8% of the three contents on the policy of extension and exemption, 80.6% and 62.2% respectively in urban and rural areas, and 95% %, The evaluation points were good, fair and not good. In the course of inoculation, the vaccination units performed some notification service to the guardians. Statistics showed that all three notification services were completed at 70.3%, and the urban area was higher than that in the rural areas (P0.01 ), Accounting for 79.1% and 62.7% respectively. The understanding of the policy of expansion mainly came from five ways of doctor notification, radio, television, newspapers and vaccination posters. Conclusion The country’s immunization work is a social work of systematic public welfare. It needs the whole society to care about and support, especially the timely payment of financial funds such as inoculation funds and grants. At the same time, health administrative departments at all levels and CDC should be strengthened Management, increase publicity efforts to improve the level of public health services, and effectively to this “people’s livelihood health ” work well.