一、基本概况我省地势高寒,地形复杂,雨少风多,气候干燥,昼夜温差较大,由于地形的变化,形成了川水地、浅山地及脑山地,川水地为灌溉地区,海拔约为1700—2400米,浅山地不能灌溉且干旱少雨,海拔约为2400～2700米,脑山地不能灌溉,雨雪较多,海拔约为2700～4000米。由于地势不同,土壤也有差异,川水地土壤主要是石灰性冲积土,浅山地主要是棕钙土、淡栗钙土及黄性土壤,脑山地多系高山栗钙土,这些土壤土质松软,土层深厚,其中以高山栗钙土和石灰性冲积土较肥沃,含水量较多,棕钙土和淡栗钙土尚肥沃,但蓄水力差,黄土性土壤肥 First, a basic overview of the province alpine terrain, complex terrain, less windy winds, dry climate, large temperature difference between day and night, due to the terrain changes, formed a river water, shallow mountain and brain, water for irrigated areas, elevation About 1700-2400 meters, shallow mountains can not be irrigated and arid, elevation is about 2400 ~ 2700 meters, can not irresponsible brain and snow, snow and more, about 2700 ~ 4000 meters above sea level. Due to the difference in topography, soils are also different. The soil in the Chuan Shui River is mainly calcareous alluvial soil. The shallow mountainous areas are mostly calcareous soil, light chestnut soil and yellow soil. Most of the mountainous areas are high mountain chestnut soil, Soil deep, of which the high mountain chestnut soil and calcareous alluvial soil is more fertile, more water content, brown soil and light chestnut soil is still fertile, but poor water storage, loess soil fertility