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目的探讨富含甜菜碱(glycine betaine)的甜菜(beet)对胍基乙酸(GAA)诱导的高同型半胱氨酸血症的抑制效果。方法将48只健康Wistar大鼠随机分为6组:对照组、模型组(饲料添加0.5%GAA)、甜菜碱低、高剂量组(饲料分别含0.5%GAA+0.05%、0.10%Bet)、甜菜低、高剂量组(饲料分别含0.5%GAA+3.94%、7.88%beet),连续10 d,处死动物,采集血液、肝脏样品,测定血液生化指标及肝脏甲硫氨酸中间代谢物和酶学指标。结果与对照组比较,模型组大鼠血浆和肝脏同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)浓度[分别为(32.2±0.4)μmol/L、(8.93±0.5)nmol/g]明显升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,高剂量甜菜碱组与甜菜组大鼠血浆和肝脏中Hcy浓度[分别为(21.5±0.7)、(21.1±0.6)μmol/L与(5.75±0.2)、(4.64±0.2)nmol/g]明显下降;与对照组比较,模型组大鼠肝脏中S-腺苷蛋氨酸(SAM)含量[(59.7(1.3)nmol/L]下降、S-腺苷同型半胱氨酸(S-adenosine homocysteine,SAH)含量[(31.8(0.9)nmol/L]升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,高剂量甜菜碱组与甜菜组大鼠肝脏中SAM含量[(71.4(1.4)、(75.5(4.1)nmol/L]升高,SAH含量[(27.1(0.7)、(26.5(1.6)nmol/L]下降(P<0.05)。甜菜碱和甜菜对GAA诱导的Bet浓度下降、BHMT和CBS活性降低具有拮抗作用;与对照组比较,模型组大鼠肝脏同型半胱氨酸甜菜碱甲基转移酶(BHMT)活性[(1.08±0.07)nmol/mgprot]降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,高剂量甜菜组大鼠肝脏BHMT活性[(2.05±0.11)nmol/mgprot]升高(P<0.05)。结论富含甜菜碱的甜菜可降低大鼠肝脏和血液中Hcy浓度,抑制由胍基乙酸诱导的高同型半胱氨酸血症,其机制可能与Hcy的再甲基化和胱硫醚的合成有关。
Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of glycine betaine rich beet on guanidine acetic acid (GAA) -induced hyperhomocysteinemia. Methods Forty - eight healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: control group, model group (fed with 0.5% GAA), low and high levels of betaine (0.5% GAA + 0.05% and 0.10% Bet respectively) The beet low and high dose groups (fed with 0.5% GAA + 3.94% and 7.88% beet respectively) for 10 days, the animals were sacrificed and the blood and liver samples were collected for determination of blood biochemical markers and hepatic methionine intermediate metabolites and enzymes Learning indicators. Results Compared with the control group, the concentrations of homocysteine (Hcy) in plasma and liver were significantly higher in model group [(32.2 ± 0.4) μmol / L and (8.93 ± 0.5) nmol / g, respectively ). Compared with the model group, the concentrations of Hcy in the plasma and liver of the high-dose betaine group and the beet group [(21.5 ± 0.7), (21.1 ± 0.6) μmol / L vs (5.75 ± 0.2), (4.64 ± 0.2) nmol / g]. Compared with the control group, the content of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) in the liver decreased (59.7 (1.3) nmol / L] (P <0.05). Compared with the model group, the content of SAM in the liver of high-dose betaine group and beet group [(71.4 ( 1.4, 75.5 (4.1) nmol / L] and SAH content (27.1 (0.7), (26.5 (1.6) nmol / L] Decreased BHMT and CBS activity. Compared with the control group, the hepatic homocysteine betaine methyltransferase (BHMT) activity in the model group [(1.08 ± 0.07) nmol / mgprot] decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the BHMT activity of liver in high-dose beet group [(2.05 ± 0.11) nmol / mgpr ot] (P <0.05) .Conclusion Betaine-rich beet can reduce Hcy concentration in rat liver and blood and inhibit homocysteine-induced hyperhomocysteinemia, which may be related to Hcy Remethylation and cystathionine synthesis.