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关于恶性肿瘤发生、复发与转移机制的研究由来已久,但目前的临床治疗方法依然不能克服肿瘤复发与转移的难题,肿瘤患者的生存率并未得到显著改善。近年来的研究提示肿瘤的起源、复发与转移的真正原因可能是存在于肿瘤内的极少数具有干细胞特性的细胞,即肿瘤干细胞(cancer stem cells,CSC)。与此同时,越来越多的研究表明,对于肿瘤干细胞的发生与功能维持,表观遗传学的调控机制可能发挥着极其重要的作用。该文简要综述目前肿瘤干细胞和表观遗传学相关领域的研究进展,并对肿瘤干细胞形成及发展过程中表观遗传学的调控作用及机制进行重点介绍。
The research on the mechanism of tumor recurrence and metastasis has been a long time, but the current clinical treatment methods still can not overcome the problem of tumor recurrence and metastasis. The survival rate of cancer patients has not been significantly improved. Recent studies suggest that the real cause of tumor origin, recurrence and metastasis may be the presence of a very small number of stem cell-bearing cells in the tumor, namely, cancer stem cells (CSCs). At the same time, more and more researches show that the epigenetic regulation mechanism of tumor stem cells may play an extremely important role in the occurrence and maintenance of cancer stem cells. This review summarizes the current advances in the field of cancer stem cells and epigenetics and highlights the role of epigenetics in the formation and development of cancer stem cells and their mechanisms.