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宪制是宪法确立的国家政权的分配机制,其基本理念在于限制权力,保障权利。国家权力内含立法、行政、司法等权力因素,其三者通过宪法划分各自界限。我国司法权和行政权在现行宪法框架下运行并形成二者间既制约又渗透的应然关系。然而,由于司法权的消极性与行政权的扩张性的天然属性反差,使二者在我国的实体权力配置中遭遇司法体制与行政体制不对称、行政权“独大”、司法权法律监督理论和现实不周延等障碍。文章从宪制的应然角度出发,重新检视我国司法权和行政权的实然缺陷与制度设计之现实错位,为新一轮司法改革提供解决思路与途径。
The constitutional system is the distribution mechanism of state power established by the Constitution. The basic idea of constitutional government is to limit power and protect rights. State power contains the legislative, administrative, judicial and other power factors, and the three are divided by the constitutional boundaries. China’s judicial power and executive power operate under the current constitutional framework and form the necessary and necessary relationship between the two. However, due to the contrast of natural attributes between the negative of judicial power and the expansive nature of administrative power, both of them suffer from the asymmetry of judicial system and administrative system in our country’s physical power allocation, and the administrative power, “dominance”, judicial power law Oversight of the theory and the lack of realistic obstacles. From the perspective of the constitutional duty, the article reviews the actual dislocation of judicial and executive power and the realistic dislocation of system design in our country, and provides solutions to a new round of judicial reform.