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目的了解海口市免疫规划现状,为加强预防接种工作管理,制订有效的免疫措施提供依据。方法连续5年每年一次,采取按容量比例概率抽样(PPS)和机械抽样方法从4个区每个区抽取15个村级单位,每个单位调查7～10名适龄儿童。结果 “五苗”(卡介苗、脊髓灰质炎、百白破、麻疹、乙肝疫苗)单苗接种率为98.27%～99.67%,“全程”接种率为96.77%;接种率呈逐年增长的趋势;4个区免疫规划工作发展均衡,接种率相近;流动儿童接种率(94.70%～99.18%)稍低于常住儿童(97.53%～99.85%);城乡结合部儿童接种率(94.75%～99.03%)低于城区(97.13%～99.91%)和农村(97.36%～99.91%)地区的儿童。结论海口市2006年以来“五苗”接种率维持在较高的水平。流动儿童和城乡结合部儿童是预防接种工作的相对薄弱环节。
Objective To understand the current situation of immunization planning in Haikou and provide the basis for strengthening vaccination management and formulating effective immunization measures. The method was conducted annually for 5 years. Fifteen village-level units were sampled from each of the four districts by PPS and mechanical sampling. Seven to ten school-age children were investigated in each unit. Results The inoculation rate of single seedlings was 98.27% -99.67% and the “full” vaccination rate was 96.77%. The inoculation rate showed a year by year increase (94.70% -99.18%) were lower than those of resident children (97.53% -99.85%). The vaccination rate of children in urban-rural areas was 94.75% 99.03%) were lower than those in urban areas (97.13% ~ 99.91%) and rural areas (97.36% ~ 99.91%). Conclusion Haikou City since 2006, “five seedlings” vaccination rate remained at a high level. Floating children and children in urban-rural areas are the weakest link in vaccination.