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目的确定该企业新建X射线探伤室运行过程中存在的放射性职业病危害因素,分析其危害程度及其对劳动者健康的影响,根据监测结果评价辐射防护效果,做出客观真实的评价结论,同时,提出合理、可行的补充对策和建议。方法采用现场调查法和检测检验法,对探伤室工作场所放射性职业病危害因素的强度及其防护效果进行评定。结果探伤间墙壁外剂量率满足剂量限值要求;人员门外剂量率与同侧墙外相当,但门左侧缝隙处剂量相对较高,存在泄露辐射;工件门外剂量率较同侧墙外偏高,且门下侧缝隙处剂量率达3.49μSv/h,存在较大泄露辐射。结论企业配备了放射卫生兼职管理人员,制定了管理制度,按规定进行放射工作人员职业健康检查和个人剂量监测,在确保防护设施及制度切实落实并采纳本论文建议的情况下,能够有效预防和控制职业性放射性疾病的发生。
Objective To determine the risk factors of occupational radioactive diseases during the operation of the new X-ray flaw detection room in the enterprise, analyze its harmfulness and its impact on the health of laborers, evaluate the radiation protection effect based on the monitoring results, and make an objective and realistic assessment conclusion. At the same time, Put forward reasonable and feasible supplementary countermeasures and suggestions. Methods Field investigation and test method were used to assess the strength of the hazardous occupational hazards in the workplace and their protective effect. Results The dose rate outside the wall meets the dose limit. The dose rate outside the door is similar to that outside the same side wall. However, the dose at the left side of the door is relatively high with leakage radiation. High, and dose rate of the lower door gap 3.49μSv / h, there is a large leak radiation. Conclusion The enterprises are equipped with part-time management personnel of radiation health, formulated the management system, conducted the occupational health examination and individual dose monitoring of radiation workers according to the regulations, and effectively ensured and protected the facilities and systems to implement and adopt the suggestions in this paper Control of occupational radiation diseases.