新批评派张力理论的提出,为文学创作与研究提供了可以借鉴的新方法。运用各种手段营造诗歌语言的张力效果,是不同时期不同诗人自觉的审美追求。虽然在通常情况下,一种语言只有遵循逻辑性很强的语法规则才能获得明晰的意义,但诗歌语言相对特殊,其不以明晰为目的、不以对错为尺度,以饱满的力度传达出作者独特、复杂的生命体验是其最终目,语法关系的松散更便于表意张力的形成。具体到中国古典诗词,语法关系松散使其对成分残缺、成分错位、超常搭配等不合语法的现象容忍度更高,而这与古典诗词表意张力的形成有极大关系。 The proposal of the theory of tension by the new critics provides a new method that can be used for reference in literary creation and research. The use of various means to create the tension effect of poetic language is the conscious pursuit of different poets in different periods. Although under normal circumstances, a language can only get clear meaning by following the grammatical rules of strong logic, the language of poetry is rather special. It is not intended for clarity, nor is it based on right and wrong, and full of intensity The author’s unique and complex experience of life is its ultimate goal. The loose relationship of grammar facilitates the formation of ideational tension. Specific to classical Chinese poetry, the loose relationship between grammar makes it more tolerant to phenomena such as incomplete composition, dislocation of composition and unusual collocation, which has a great relationship with the formation of ideological tension of classical poetry.