目的探讨人感染H7N9禽流感轻症患者流行病学特征。方法与患者面对面问卷调查,进行深度访谈,获得现场资料。结果 2例轻症患者均经过门诊治疗痊愈,均为年轻女性,传染源不明,以上呼吸道感染症状为首发症状,1例无肺部感染而痊愈(病程4 d),1例经右肺感染治愈(病程7 d)。1例白细胞计数正常,1例升高,2例中性粒细胞均升高,2例均未服用达菲,经过抗炎抗病毒治疗。结论人感染H7N9禽流感轻症可仅侵犯上呼吸道,经抗炎抗病毒治疗,不服达菲可痊愈,提示女性、年轻、不吸烟可能是H7N9禽流感轻症的原因。 Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of mild H7N9 human infection. Methods Face-to-face questionnaire survey with patients, conducted in-depth interviews, access to field data. Results All the 2 mild cases were recovered after outpatient treatment. All of them were young women. The source of infection was unknown. The symptoms of the above respiratory tract infection were the first symptom. One case recovered without pulmonary infection (duration of 4 days) and one case was cured by right lung infection (Duration of 7 days). One patient had normal white blood cell count, one patient was elevated, two neutrophils were elevated, and two patients did not take Tamiflu after anti-inflammatory and antiviral treatment. Conclusions Human infection with H7N9 bird flu can only invade the upper respiratory tract due to mild illness. Anti-inflammatory and anti-viral treatment can not be given to patients infected with H7N9, suggesting that female, young and non-smoking may be the cause of mild H7N9 bird flu.