应用放免法测定５１例肝硬化患者血清肿瘤坏死因子α（ＴＮＦ－α）含量。结果表明：肝硬化患者血清ＴＮＦ－α明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），且与血清总胆红质（ＢＩＬ）及转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５），按Ｃｈｉｌｄ肝功能分级，Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ各级组血清ＴＮＦ－α含量依次递增，且各级组间有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。肝硬化合并感染患者ＴＮＦ－α显著高于未感染者（Ｐ＜０．０１），且易发生肝─肾综合征（Ｐ＜０．０５）。 Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in 51 patients with cirrhosis were measured by radioimmunoassay. The results showed that serum TNF-α in patients with cirrhosis was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05), and positively correlated with serum total bilirubin and ALT (P <0.01, P <0 .05). According to Child’s liver function classification, the levels of TNF-α in serum of A, B and C groups increased in sequence, with significant difference (P <0.01). The level of TNF-α in patients with cirrhosis complicated with infection was significantly higher than those without infection (P <0.01), and the occurrence of liver-kidney syndrome was more likely (P <0.05).