自前,制备人的单克隆抗体有两种途径,即“杂交瘤”技术:将能分泌抗体的B 淋巴细胞与浆细胞瘤细胞或淋巴母细胞融合;也可应用EB 病毒使人的抗原特异性B 淋巴细胞长期存活.杂交瘤技术(一)人的浆细胞瘤用于融合由于人—人的杂交细胞内的染色体结构更为稳定,所以人—人杂交瘤更可能是人的特异单克隆抗体的实际来源.但是在高分化的淋巴瘤及浆细胞瘤中只有为数不多的细胞能够连续长期培养,这些细胞分类基于体内的骨髓瘤蛋白与体外合成的免疫球蛋白的同类性.此外,浆细胞瘤细胞含有丰富的粗面内质网(RER),而无自由量的核蛋白体,并含大量的线粒体及发育良好的高尔基氏小体.这些细胞从不携带EB 病毒,并且通常是非整倍体.尽管人们努力建立 In the past, there were two ways to prepare human monoclonal antibodies, namely “hybridomas”: fusion of B lymphocytes capable of secreting antibodies with plasmacytoma cells or lymphoblasts; and the use of Epstein-Barr virus to make human antigen-specific Long-term survival of B lymphocytes Hybridoma technology (1) Human plasmacytoma for fusion Human-human hybridomas are more likely to be human-specific monoclonal antibodies due to the more stable chromosomal structure in human-human hybrid cells However, only a few cells in well-differentiated lymphomas and plasmacytomas are capable of continuous long-term culture, and these cell types are based on the identity of in vivo myeloma proteins to in vitro synthesized immunoglobulins.In addition, The tumor cells are rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) with no free amount of nucleoprotein and contain large amounts of mitochondria and well-developed Golgi bodies that never carry the Epstein-Barr virus and are usually non-whole Although people work hard to establish