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采用膨胀渗透仪和浊度仪,通过检测冲蚀循环溶液浊度和膨润土试样膨胀力的变化,获得了冲蚀液对高庙子(GMZ)膨润土的冲蚀规律,对比分析了膨润土干密度、冲蚀液pH值、冲蚀液渗流方向、围岩裂隙条数、溶液类型和浓度等因素对膨润土冲蚀的影响规律。研究表明:膨润土的膨胀力在冲蚀开始的几天内迅速增长,随后达到稳定,膨润土干密度越大,地下水对膨润土的冲蚀作用越弱;冲蚀液pH值对膨润土的冲蚀作用影响很大,碱性较强的地下水对膨润土的冲蚀作用较弱,而碱性较弱地下水的冲蚀作用则明显;地下水径向渗流时对膨润土的冲蚀作用大于纵向渗流情况,围岩裂隙增多后,地下水对膨润土的冲蚀作用加强;随着冲蚀液中NaCl浓度的增加,冲蚀液对膨润土的冲蚀作用先增强后减弱,冲蚀液中CaCl_2的浓度对膨润土的冲蚀影响规律与NaCl浓度对膨润土的冲蚀影响规律相似,但CaCl_2浓度的变化对膨润土的冲蚀影响不明显。
By using swelling infiltrometer and turbidimeter, the erosion law of bentonite from Gaomiaozi (GMZ) was obtained by detecting the turbidity of solution circulation solution and the swelling force of bentonite sample. The dry density of bentonite , The pH value of the eroded solution, the seepage direction of the eroded solution, the number of fractures in the surrounding rock, the type and concentration of the solution, and other factors affected the erosion of bentonite. The results show that the swelling force of bentonite increases rapidly within a few days of initial erosion, and then reaches a steady state. The greater the dry density of bentonite is, the weaker the erosion of bentonite by groundwater. The erosion of bentonite by pH The erosion of bentonite by strong groundwater is weaker and the erosion by weak alkaline water is obvious. The erosion of bentonite by radial seepage of groundwater is greater than that by longitudinal seepage, With the increase of NaCl concentration, the erosion effect of etching solution on bentonite firstly increases and then decreases, and the effect of CaCl2 concentration in erosion solution on the erosion of bentonite increases with the increase of NaCl concentration in the erosion solution. Law and NaCl concentration have similar influence on the erosion of bentonite, but the change of CaCl2 concentration has no obvious effect on the erosion of bentonite.