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Tank模型可以模拟非线性的降雨–地下水运移过程,并且能迅速得到解答。基于现有的单列tank模型,提出新的复合水箱模型。由于新模型参数超过20个,应用传统优化算法难以快速找到最优解,一种新的启发式自搜索算法(变维数搜索算法)被引入并改进后用于模型最优解的寻找。变维数搜索算法能够根据搜索进程的变化自动改变搜索维数并且快速找到最优解。27个参数的复合tank模型被应用于日本国道九号线的一个边坡,计算结果表明:变维数搜索算法能够在10 min左右找到合适的最优解;降雨过程复合tank模型计算的地下水位变化和观测值非常接近。最后通过和有限单元法计算结果的比较表明,有限单元法的计算结果受地质渗透特性的影响很大,而复合tank模型不存在这种问题。工程实例计算表明,该方法和监测结果比较一致,但其适应性更强,特别适用于没有进行足够地质结构探查的边坡。它能够快速反映降雨过程中地下水位的运移过程,可以推广使用。
The Tank model simulates a nonlinear rainfall-groundwater transport process and can be quickly answered. Based on the existing single tank model, a new composite tank model is proposed. Since the new model has more than 20 parameters, it is difficult to find the optimal solution quickly by using traditional optimization algorithm. A new heuristic self-search algorithm (variable-dimensional search algorithm) is introduced and improved for the optimal model search. The variable dimension search algorithm can automatically change the search dimension and find the optimal solution quickly according to the change of the search process. The 27-parameter composite tank model was applied to a slope of National Highway No. 9 in Japan. The calculation results show that the variable-dimensional search algorithm can find the optimal solution around 10 min. The water table calculated by the composite tank model Changes and observations are very close. Finally, the comparison between the finite element method and the finite element method shows that the calculation results of the finite element method are greatly affected by the geological permeability, but there is no such problem in the composite tank model. The engineering example shows that the method is in good agreement with the monitoring results, but its adaptability is stronger. It is especially suitable for slopes that have not been adequately probed for geological structure. It can quickly reflect the process of groundwater during rainfall transport process can be widely used.