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头部外伤后脑室扩大,绝大部分继发于重度颅脑损伤,多发生在伤后数日到数周。伤后数小时内产生进行性脑室扩大者极少见。外伤后早期神经症状恶化主要是颅内血肿和脑挫裂伤所致。此类病例即使合并脑室扩大,行脑室引流也无效。作者报道2例小儿病例,伤时意识障碍轻微,但数小时内神经系统症状急剧恶化,CT脑扫描仅显示进行性脑室扩大,颅内无血肿及挫裂伤,仅用脑室引流即得救治。报告如下: 例1:4岁,男,1980年4月6日因交通事故致伤,伤后数分钟神志不清,醒后如常。1小时后精神萎靡,恶心呕吐,伤后3小时急诊住院。
Ventricular enlargement after head trauma, most of the secondary to severe craniocerebral injury, occurred in the wound several days to several weeks. It is extremely rare to have progressive ventricular enlargement within hours of injury. Early posttraumatic neurological deterioration is mainly due to intracranial hematoma and brain contusion. Even in such cases with enlarged ventricles, ventricular drainage is also ineffective. The authors report two cases of pediatric cases with minor disturbances of consciousness at the time of injury but rapidly worsening neurological symptoms within a few hours. CT scans showed progressive ventricular enlargement, intracranial hematoma-free and contusion and laceration, and were treated by intraventricular drainage alone. The report is as follows: Example 1: 4 years old, male, April 6, 1980 Injured due to traffic accident, unconscious for several minutes after injury, wake up as usual. 1 hour after the apathetic, nausea and vomiting, emergency 3 hours after injury in hospital.