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用0.15%秋水仙素附加2.00%二甲基亚砜诱变离体培养的卷丹小鳞茎,避光条件下摇床诱导,用组织培养结合不定芽诱导技术获得了多倍体苗,并对多倍体染色体数目进行鉴定。结果显示,诱导96 h效果最好,变异率达到54.29%。细胞学观察发现,对照为三倍体、非整倍体和极少数单倍体细胞组成的嵌合体,诱变出的4棵变异株细胞分别为染色体数目由53~72条的不同比例构成,属于典型的非整倍的异倍型嵌合体。诱变株与对照植株间幼苗叶形指数、气孔密度及气孔大小等特征差异比较明显。
With 0.15% colchicine added 2.00% dimethylsulfoxide mutagenesis in vitro culture of the bulblet bulbs, dark conditions induced by shaker, tissue culture combined with adventitious bud induction technology to obtain polyploid seedlings, and Polyploid chromosome number identification. The results showed that the best 96 h induction rate, the mutation rate reached 54.29%. Cytological observation showed that the control was a chimera consisting of triploid, aneuploid and very few haploid cells, and the mutated 4 mutant cells were composed of 53 to 72 different chromosomes respectively, Belongs to the typical aneuploidy aneuploid chimera. The difference of leaf shape index, stomatal density and stoma size among mutagenized plants and control plants was obvious.