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利用主要农艺性状上具有显著差异的结球甘蓝高代纯合自交系01-88和02-12杂交获得F1,通过游离小孢子培养获得含有189个基因型的DH群体为试验材料,采用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型对结球甘蓝外叶数、开展度、株高、外叶颜色、外叶长和外叶宽6个与植株相关的主要农艺性状进行遗传和相关性分析。结果表明,在DH分离群体中6个主要农艺性状呈连续的、单峰、偏态分布,说明这些性状为多基因控制的数量性状。除外叶宽和外叶颜色性状受多基因控制外,其余4个农艺性状均受2对主基因+多基因控制。主基因遗传率大小顺序为株高(59.16%)>外叶长(56.56%)>外叶数(55.67%)>开展度(19.56%)。株高、外叶长和外叶数性状具有较高的主基因遗传率,早代选择效果较好。这6个农艺性状间存在一定的相关性,其中外叶数与开展度、外叶长与外叶宽等成对性状呈极显著正相关;外叶数与外叶宽成对性状呈极显著负相关,在育种实践中可利用其相关性实行间接选择。
F1 was obtained from the crosses of 01-80 and 02-12 inbred lines with significant differences in the main agronomic traits, and the DH population containing 189 genotypes was obtained by free microspore culture. The main gene + The genetic and correlation analysis of six major agronomic traits related to the number of leaves, the degree of development, the plant height, the outer leaf color, the outer leaf length and the outer leaf width of the cabbage were conducted by using the multigene mixed genetic model. The results showed that the six major agronomic traits in DH segregating populations were continuous, unimodal and skewed distribution, indicating that these traits are quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes. Except for leaf width and outer leaf color traits controlled by multiple genes, the other four agronomic traits were controlled by two major genes + polygene. The major gene heritability was in the order of plant height (59.16%)> length of outer leaves (56.56%)> number of outer leaves (55.67%)> degree of development (19.56%). The plant height, the length of the outer leaves and the number of the outer leaves had a high heritability of the major gene, and the effect of the early generation was better. There were some correlations among the six agronomic traits. Among them, the number of outer leaves was significantly and positively correlated with the degree of development, the length of outer leaves and the width of outer leaves. The pairs of outer leaves and outer leaves were extremely significant Negative correlation, in the breeding practice can use its relevance to implement indirect selection.