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目的 探讨血液系统恶性肿瘤患者ｐ１６ 及ｐ１５ 基因失活的发生率及其临床意义。方法 用聚合酶链反应（ Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ） 方法扩增ｐ１６ 及ｐ１５ 基因外显子１ 及外显子２ ，检测等位基因纯合子缺失；再用限制性内切酶 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 方法检测ｐ１６ 及ｐ１５ 基因甲基化； 然后用 Ｔ Ｕ Ｎ Ｅ Ｌ 法（ Ｔｄ Ｔｍｅｄｉａｔｅｄ ｄ Ｕ Ｔ Ｐｄｉｇｏｘｙｇｅｎｉｎ ｅｎｄｌａｂｅｌｉｎｇ） 检测细胞凋亡。结果 ５６ 例患者中有ｐ１６ 和（ 或）ｐ１５ 基因失活者共３３ 例，其中急性淋巴细胞白血病（ Ａ Ｌ Ｌ）３８ 例中２３ 例（ 占６０ ．５ ％ ， Ｔ Ａ Ｌ Ｌ１２ 例， Ｂ Ａ Ｌ Ｌ１１ 例） ， Ａ Ｎ Ｌ Ｌ１８ 例中１０ 例（ 占５５５ ％ ） 。 Ａ Ｌ Ｌ 患者ｐ１６ 及ｐ１５ 基因均以甲基化失活为主。 Ｔ Ａ Ｌ Ｌ 失活的频率比 Ｂ Ａ Ｌ Ｌ 高。有ｐ１６ 和（ 或）ｐ１５ 基因失活者， 细胞的凋亡比例明显减少，病情进展迅速，治疗效果差，缓解率低， 缓解期明显缩短。结论 ｐ１６ 及ｐ１５ 基因失活的检测对于探讨急性白血病的发病机制，判断疾病进程有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the incidence of p16 and p15 gene inactivation in patients with hematological malignancy and its clinical significance. Methods Exon 1 and exon 2 of p16 and p15 genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and allele homozygote deletions were detected. Then p16 was detected by restriction endonuclease-PCR method. The p15 gene was methylated; then apoptosis was detected by the T TU ER method (Td T mediated d U T P digoxy genin end labeling). Results Of the 56 patients, 33 had p16 and (or) p15 gene inactivation, of which 38 (38.5%) had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in 38 cases, and 12 had T-AL. A L L11 cases), A N L L18 cases in 10 cases (55 5%). In patients with A L L, the p16 and p15 genes were mainly inactivated by methylation. The frequency of inactivation of T-ALL is higher than that of B-ALL. In patients with p16 and (or) p15 gene inactivation, the proportion of apoptotic cells was significantly reduced, the condition progressed rapidly, the therapeutic effect was poor, the remission rate was low, and the remission period was significantly shortened. Conclusion The detection of inactivation of p16 and p15 genes is important for exploring the pathogenesis of acute leukemia and judging the disease process.