学术论文,按照写作内容的差异和论证方式的不同选择,大致可分为“发现型”与“商榷型”两个大类。所谓“发现型”,是指经过研究与探索,发现了前人未曾发现的问题或未曾找到的规律,将自己的研究成果总结出来所写成的学术论文。而“商榷型”则是针对前人已有的错误或片面的观点,提出商榷或争鸣意见的学术论文。前者着眼于“言人所未言”,重在“论”;后者着眼于“正人之谬说”,重在“辩”。不同 Academic papers, according to the differences in the content of the writing and argumentation of the different options can be divided into “discovery” and “Negotiable” two broad categories. The so-called “discovery type” refers to the research papers that have been written by summarizing the research results after discovering the problems that our predecessors never discovered or the laws that we have never found. The “type of discussion” is aimed at the previous mistakes or one-sided point of view, put forward arguments or controversial academic dissertation. The former focuses on the “speechless”, focusing on “theory”; the latter focuses on “the falsehood of an honest person,” focusing on “debate.” different