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自20世纪30年代以来,伴随着政府职能的扩张,随之而来的是政府规模与政府运行成本的不断增大,如何将行政成本控制在一个合理范围亦成为一个全球性的热点问题。在党的十六大工作报告中,我国首次使用“行政成本”概念,并提出“降低行政成本”要求。报告把“降低行政成本”作为“深化行政体制改革”、“推进政治建设和政治体制改革”的重要内容,指出要“进一步转变政府职能,改进管理方式,推行电子政务,提高行政效率,降低行政成本,形成行为规范、运转协调、公正透明、廉洁高效的行政管理体制”。近些年,相关学者也从各个不同的视甬对行政成本的内涵展开了比较详细的探讨,有学者用实证的方法测算出政府管理成本膨胀的趋势“对生产率的负面影响在改革初期不到0.2个百分点,而近期则上升到近1.7个百分点。这意味着每年减少4000亿元GDP的效率损失,而且增加了未来经济增长的不确定性。”本文从时务学的视角出发,以本基金分流理论为基础,界定了行政成本的资金性质与内涵。
Since the 1930s, with the expansion of government functions, the scale of government and the running cost of government have been increasing. How to control the administrative costs within a reasonable range has become a global hot issue. In the report on the work of the party’s 16th National Congress, China first used the concept of “administrative costs” and put forth the “reduction of administrative costs” requirement. The report uses “reducing administrative costs” as an important part of “deepening administrative system reform” and “promoting political construction and political system reform,” pointing out that it is necessary to “further transform government functions, improve management methods, and promote e-government , Improve administrative efficiency, reduce administrative costs and form a system of administrative management that is well-regulated, well functioning, fair and transparent, clean and efficient. ” In recent years, relevant scholars also explored the connotation of administrative costs from different perspectives. Some scholars used empirical methods to figure out the trend of government administration cost expansion. “The negative impact on productivity did not occur in the early stage of reform To 0.2 percentage points, but in the recent rise to nearly 1.7 percentage points, which means that the annual loss of 400 billion yuan of GDP efficiency losses, but also increases the uncertainty of future economic growth. ”This article from the perspective of business time Based on the fund diversion theory, the paper defines the nature and connotation of the capital of administrative costs.