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目的调查分析江苏地区错畸形患者中牙齿发育不全(先天性牙齿缺失、多生牙、埋伏牙及融合牙)的发生和分布情况,为临床工作提供参考。方法收集2012年6月—2012年9月在我院正畸科治疗的初诊患者1 012例(男416例,女596例,年龄4～50岁),根据影像资料、临床检查、病史信息统计先天性牙齿缺失、多生牙、埋伏牙、融合牙的发病情况及其在牙列中的分布情况。结果本研究中,先天性牙齿缺失(不包括第三磨牙缺失)的发生率为8.99%,最常见的缺失牙位是下切牙;多生牙的发生率为2.57%,最常在上颌中切牙腭侧多生并埋伏;埋伏牙的发生率为8.79%,最常见于上颌尖牙埋伏;融合牙的发生率为0.69%,均发生在下颌前牙区。结论江苏地区正畸患者的牙齿发育不全的发生率较高,以先天性牙齿缺失最为多见,发生率明显高于既往流行病学研究结果的平均水平,其次为埋伏牙、多生牙以及融合牙。
Objective To investigate the occurrence and distribution of dental hypoplasia (congenital tooth loss, multiple teeth, impacted teeth and fusion teeth) in patients with malocclusion in Jiangsu Province, and provide reference for clinical work. Methods A total of 1 012 cases (416 males and 596 females, aged 4-50 years) with orthodontic treatment in our hospital from June 2012 to September 2012 were collected. According to the imaging data, clinical examination and medical history information, Congenital tooth loss, multiple teeth, impacted teeth, the incidence of fusion teeth and its distribution in the dentition. Results In this study, the incidence of congenital tooth loss (excluding the third molars loss) was 8.99%. The most common missing tooth position was the inferior incisor. The prevalence of multiple births was 2.57%, most commonly in the maxillary central incisor The palatal side of the tooth was multiple and ambush; the incidence of impacted teeth was 8.79%, most commonly in the maxillary canines ambush; the incidence of fusion teeth was 0.69%, both occurred in the anterior mandibular area. Conclusion The incidence of dental implants in Jiangsu orthodontic patients is high, with the most common incidence of congenital tooth loss, the incidence was significantly higher than the average of the previous epidemiological results, followed by the impacted teeth, multiple teeth and fusion tooth.