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目的观察瑞舒伐他汀对大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤后细胞凋亡的影响。方法36只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、损伤组和治疗组,每组12只。损伤组和治疗组分别建立大鼠左侧颈动脉球囊损伤模型,右侧颈动脉未予球囊损伤。治疗组于损伤前3d始连续每天给予瑞舒伐他汀5mg/(kg·d)灌胃,对照组和损伤组予9g/L氯化钠溶液灌胃。术后14d取左侧颈总动脉,进行HE染色和末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的生物素-dUTP缺口标记技术(Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling,TUNEL)的凋亡检测。结果共30只大鼠成功完成本次实验。①血管损伤14d,可见明显的新生内膜;损伤组和治疗组的内膜面积、内膜/中膜面积的比值较对照组增大(P﹤0.05);与损伤组比较,治疗组内膜/中膜面积的比值减少,管腔面积增加26%(P﹤0.05)。②对照组血管偶可见单个散在的凋亡细胞;损伤组凋亡细胞阳性率为(12.3±1.8)%,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);治疗组凋亡细胞数目增多,凋亡细胞阳性率达(26.8±3.2)%,与损伤组比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。凋亡细胞主要位于新生内膜。结论瑞舒伐他汀可抑制大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤后的内膜增生,可促进大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤后的细胞凋亡。瑞舒伐他汀促进细胞凋亡的作用可能与其抑制内膜增生有关。
Objective To observe the effect of rosuvastatin on the apoptosis of carotid artery after balloon injury in rats. Methods Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, injury group and treatment group, with 12 rats in each group. The left carotid artery balloon injury model and the right carotid artery injury control group were established respectively. The rats in the treatment group were given rosuvastatin 5 mg / (kg · d) orally continuously three days before injury, while the control group and the injury group were administered with 9 g / L sodium chloride solution. The left common carotid artery was taken 14 days after operation, and HE staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) apoptosis detection were performed. Results A total of 30 rats successfully completed this experiment. (1) Compared with the control group, the ratio of intima area and intima / media area in injury group and treatment group increased significantly (P <0.05) / Media area ratio decreased lumen area increased by 26% (P <0.05). ② The apoptotic cells in the control group were even scattered, and the positive rate of apoptotic cells in the injured group was (12.3 ± 1.8)%, which was significantly different from that in the control group (P <0.05). The number of apoptotic cells in the treated group (26.8 ± 3.2)%. Compared with the injury group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Apoptotic cells are mainly located in the neointima. Conclusion Rosuvastatin can inhibit intimal hyperplasia after carotid artery balloon injury in rats and promote apoptosis after carotid artery balloon injury in rats. The role of rosuvastatin in promoting apoptosis may be related to its inhibition of intimal hyperplasia.