用激光衍射法研究铅对人红细胞变形性的影响，以及尼克酰胺的保护作用。结果表明：铅使红细胞变形指数（ＤＩ）下降，且呈明显的剂量－效应关系。尼克酰胺有拮抗铅致红细胞变形性改变的作用。 The effect of lead on the deformability of human erythrocytes and the protective effect of nicotinamide by laser diffraction were studied. The results showed that lead decreased the erythrocyte deformability index (DI) and showed a dose-response relationship. Nicotinamide antagonizes lead-induced red blood cell deformability changes.