论文部分内容阅读
目的分析2004年度我市流脑疫情和采取的预防控制措施,为做好合肥市流脑疫情的预测预警和控制工作提供依据。方法对所有病例作流行病学调查,同时采样进行实验室病原学分析。结果2004年全市新发流脑病例70例,发病率为1.5/10万,较去年同期上升了430.8%,病例以20岁以下儿童和学生为主,3~4月份是发病高峰。对28名病例的1 092名密切接触者咽拭子采样检验发现,C群带菌率在1.3%~30.9%之间,A群带菌率在2.2%~8.5%之间。发生疫情学校的学生采用应急服药和接种A+C流脑疫苗等综合性预防控制措施,有效地控制了疫情。结论预测2004年冬2005年春我市局部地区A、C群流脑病例可能增多。在流脑流行季节到来之前,应做好疫苗和相关药品的储备,同时对重点人群(20岁以下)进行大范围的A+C流脑疫苗的接种。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of meningococcal meningitis in 2004 in our city and the preventive and control measures taken so as to provide the basis for the prediction, early warning and control of epidemic encephalitis in Hefei. Methods Epidemiological survey of all cases, while sampling for laboratory etiology. Results In 2004, 70 new cases of new-borne meningitis were reported in the city with a prevalence of 1.5 / 100000, up 430.8% from the same period of last year. The cases were mainly children under 20 years of age and students, and peaked from March to April. Throat swab sampling of 1092 close contacts in 28 cases showed that the infection rate of C group was between 1.3% and 30.9%, and that of group A was between 2.2% and 8.5%. Students in the outbreak schools used comprehensive preventive and control measures such as emergency medication and vaccination of A + C meningoencephalitis to effectively control the epidemic. Conclusion It is predicted that there may be more cases of meningitis A and C in some areas in the winter of 2004 and the spring of 2005 in China. Vaccines and related medicines should be stockpiled well before the epidemic season of meningitis occurs. At the same time, a large population of A + C meningitis vaccines should be given to key populations (under 20 years of age).