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目的了解铁岭市麻疹流行特征,为进一步控制麻疹提供科学依据。方法对铁岭市1994~2014年法定传染病报告的麻疹疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果铁岭市1994~2014年累计确诊麻疹病例1 778例,年平均发病率为3.05/10万,无死亡病例,发病率最高为2014年,发病1 118例,年发病率为41.30/10万;高发季节为2~6月;男性发病率为2.89/10万,女性2.93/10万(P>0.05);发病年龄以5岁以下儿童为主,占总发病的26.66%,<1岁和30~35岁两个年龄组发病数占总发病人数的33.06%,不同年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);发病人群以农民、儿童及家务待业为主,这三种职业麻疹发病人数占总发病人数的76.15%,流动人口占病例总数的43.98%。结论铁岭市麻疹发病年龄分布已逐步呈现“双向移位”现象。强化免疫是保护易感人群,及时分析疫情发生原因,评价控制麻疹措施的效果。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Tieling and provide a scientific basis for further control of measles. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of measles epidemic data reported from 1994 to 2014 in the city of Tieling was conducted. Results A total of 1 778 measles cases were diagnosed in Tieling City from 1994 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 3.05 / 100 000. There were no deaths, the highest incidence was in 2014, and the incidence was 1 118. The annual incidence rate was 41.30 / 100,000. The incidence rate was 2.89 / lakh in males and 2.93 / lakh in females (P> 0.05). The age of onset was mainly children under 5 years old, accounting for 26.66% of the total, <1 year old and 30 The incidence of disease in both age groups of ~ 35 years old accounted for 33.06% of the total number of cases, the incidence of different age groups was statistically significant (P <0.01); the incidence of the population dominated by peasants, children and homework, the three occupational measles The number of patients accounted for 76.15% of the total number of cases, the floating population accounted for 43.98% of the total number of cases. Conclusion The age distribution of measles onset in Tieling City has shown a gradual “bidirectional shift ” phenomenon. Intensified immunity is to protect the susceptible population, timely analysis of the causes of outbreaks, evaluate the effect of measles control measures.