论文部分内容阅读
目的分析广州市2005-2008年甲肝流行情况,提出防控对策。方法对广州市2005-2008年法定传染病综合年报表进行分析,1～14岁人群甲肝疫苗接种率来自广州市2008年病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查,甲肝疫苗预防接种副反应(AEFI)发生情况来自广东省免疫预防信息系统。结果广州市2005-2008年甲肝年均发病率2.96/10万,无暴发疫情。0～14岁低年龄组报告发病数占同期甲肝总报告病例数的5.5%。农民发病所占比例最高为17.0%,其次为离退人员12.8%、家务待业12.7%、民工11.5%、工人10.9%。1～14岁人群甲肝疫苗接种率为61.0%(95%CI54.9%～67.1%)。2005、2006年广州市无因接种甲肝疫苗引起的副反应(AEFI)报告,2007、2008年甲肝疫苗AEFI发生率分别为3.14/10万、4.88/10万。结论广州市甲肝发病低且平稳,甲肝疫苗安全,对甲肝的控制有明显的流行病学效果。建议加强健康教育、改善流动人口聚居地的基础卫生设施、加强外来儿童甲肝疫苗预防接种,有效地预防、控制甲肝。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of hepatitis A in Guangzhou from 2005 to 2008 and put forward prevention and control measures. Methods The comprehensive annual report of legal infectious diseases in Guangzhou City was analyzed from 2005 to 2008. The vaccination rate of hepatitis A vaccine for 1-14-year-olds was from the epidemiological survey of viral hepatitis in Guangzhou in 2008 and the AEFI occurred The situation comes from immunization prevention information system in Guangdong Province. Results The annual average incidence of hepatitis A in Guangzhou from 2005 to 2008 was 2.96 / 100 000, with no outbreaks. The incidence of the reported cases in the age group of 0-14 years old accounted for 5.5% of the total reported cases of hepatitis A in the same period. The highest incidence of peasants was 17.0%, followed by 12.8% of returned workers, 12.7% of unemployed people, 11.5% of migrant workers and 10.9% of workers. Vaccination rates for hepatitis A vaccine were 61.0% (95% CI, 54.9% to 67.1%) among 1-14-year-olds. In 2005 and 2006, there was no side effects (AEFI) in Guangzhou due to hepatitis A vaccination. The incidence of AEFI in 2007 and 2008 were 3.14 / 100000 and 4.88 / 100000 respectively. Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis A in Guangzhou is low and stable, and the safety of hepatitis A vaccine is safe. The control of hepatitis A has significant epidemiological effects. It is suggested to strengthen health education, improve basic sanitation facilities of migrant population, strengthen vaccination of hepatitis A vaccine for foreign children, and effectively prevent and control hepatitis A.