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以陇椒2号和美国红为试验材料,在民勤荒漠绿洲大田条件下研究了辣椒的耗水规律、产量、水分利用效率和生物量对调亏灌溉的响应。结果表明,辣椒耗水量与灌水量显著正相关,制干专用品种美国红的耗水量(434.63 mm)显著小于鲜食品种陇椒2号(482.10 mm)。两品种耗水强度均表现为结果盛期>定植—坐果期>结果末期,美国红3个时期各处理的平均耗水强度分别为4.30、3.89、2.82 mm/d,陇椒2号分别为4.85、4.03、3.57 mm/d。耗水模数表现为结果盛期>定植—坐果期>结果末期(结果盛期调亏处理除外),充分灌水条件下,两品种耗水模数相当,3个生育期分别约为46%、40%、14%,各生育期进行调亏灌溉均会显著降低其耗水强度和耗水模数,结果盛期最为明显。产量和生物量对结果盛期中度和重度调亏灌溉最为敏感,其次为定植—坐果期重度调亏,美国红产量分别较对照降低25.24%、40.71%、14.17%,单株生物量分别降低7.43、14.18、21.38 g;陇椒2号产量分别降低22.93%、32.37%、16.77%,生物量分别降低9.15、15.87、23.34 g。定植—坐果期中度调亏对产量和生物量的影响均不显著,产量水分利用效率分别增加0.51 kg.m-3和0.40 kg.m-3,因此,在定植—坐果期进行中度调亏灌溉(土壤相对含水量为55%～65%θf,θf指田间持水量),其他生育期充分灌水(土壤相对含水量为75%～85%θf),可以实现节水高效。
Taking Longzao No.2 and American Red as experimental materials, the water consumption regulation, yield, water use efficiency and biomass response of pepper to the regulated deficit irrigation were studied under the condition of Minqin desert oasis. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the water consumption of pepper and irrigation volume. The water consumption of American Red (434.63 mm) was significantly lower than that of Longjiao No.2 (482.10 mm). The results showed that the water consumption intensity of the two cultivars showed the peak value> colonization-setting period> the end of the result. The average water consumption intensity of the three treatments were 4.30, 3.89 and 2.82 mm / d respectively, while that of Longjiao No.2 was 4.85 , 4.03, 3.57 mm / d. The results showed that the water consumption modulus showed a peak value> planting-setting period> the end of the result (excluding the results of the seasonally adjusted deficit treatment). Under sufficient irrigation conditions, the water consumption modulus of the two varieties was similar, with the three growth periods being about 46% 40%, 14%. Regulated deficit irrigation in each growth period will significantly reduce its water consumption and water consumption modulus, the results of the most obvious peak. The yield and biomass were the most sensitive to the moderate and severe deficit irrigation in the peak, followed by the severe deficit in the colonization-setting stage. The red yield in the United States decreased by 25.24%, 40.71% and 14.17%, respectively, compared with the control 7.43, 14.18 and 21.38 g respectively. The yield of Longjiao 2 decreased by 22.93%, 32.37% and 16.77%, respectively, and the biomass decreased by 9.15, 15.87 and 23.34 g respectively. There was no significant difference between yield and biomass at planting and fruit setting stage, and the water use efficiency increased by 0.51 kg.m-3 and 0.40 kg.m-3, respectively. Therefore, Irrigation (soil relative water content of 55% ~ 65% θf, θf refers to field capacity), other irrigation full irrigation (soil relative water content of 75% ~ 85% θf), can achieve water-saving and efficient.