论文部分内容阅读
复合材料是有两种或两种以上的物理和化学性质不同的物质组合而成的一种多相体材料。复合材料的组分材料虽然保持其相对的独立性,但复合材料的性能却不是组分材料性能的简单加和,而是有着重要改进。在复合材料中,通常有一相为连续相,成为基体,另一种为分散相,称为增强材料。复合材料既可以保持原材料的某些特点,又能发挥组合后的新特性,它可以根据需要进行设计,从而最合理的达到使用所需求的性能。复合材料的命名和分类复合材料可以根据增强材料和基体材料的名称来命名。将增强材料的名称放在前面,基体材料的名称放在后面,再加上“复合材料”。例如:玻璃纤维和环氧树脂纤维的复合材料称为“玻璃纤维环氧树脂复合材料”。有时为了突出增强材料和基体材料,视强调的组分不同,也可以简称为“玻璃纤维复合材料”或“环氧树脂复合材料”。复合材料的分类方法有很多,常见的分类方法有以下几种:按增强材料形态分类按增强纤维种类分类按集体材料分类按材料作用分类复合材料的基本性能复合材料是由多种材料复合而成的,其共同特点是:可综合发挥各种组成材料的优点,使一种材料具有多种功能,具有天然材料所没有的性能。例如,玻璃纤维增强环氧基复合材料,既具有类似钢材的强度,又具有塑料的介电性能和耐腐蚀性能。例如,针对方向性材料强度的设计,针对某种介质耐腐蚀性能的设计。
Composites are polyphase materials that have two or more different combinations of physical and chemical properties. Although the composite materials of the composite materials maintain their relative independence, the performance of the composite materials is not a simple addition to the performance of the component materials, but an important improvement. In composite materials, usually one phase for the continuous phase to become the matrix, the other for the dispersed phase, known as the reinforcing material. Composite material can not only maintain certain characteristics of raw materials, but also play a combination of new features, it can be designed according to need, so as to achieve the most reasonable use of the required performance. Nomenclature and Classification of Composites Composites can be named according to the names of reinforcement materials and matrix materials. Put the name of the reinforcement in front, the name of the base material behind, and “composite ”. For example: Glass fiber and epoxy resin fiber composite called “fiberglass epoxy composite”. Sometimes in order to highlight the reinforcement materials and matrix materials, depending on the different components, it may also be referred to as “fiberglass composite material” or “epoxy composite material.” The classification of composite materials, there are many common classification methods are the following: According to the classification of reinforced by fiber type classification According to the classification of collective materials According to the role of materials The basic performance of composite materials Composite materials is composed of a variety of materials The common feature is that it can comprehensively exert the advantages of various constituent materials to make one material have multiple functions and have properties that natural materials do not have. For example, glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites, both with similar strength steel, but also has the dielectric properties of plastics and corrosion resistance. For example, the design of the strength of the directional material, the design of the corrosion resistance of a medium.