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目的了解广汉市血吸虫病健康教育干预效果。方法自2011年开始对干预村村民实施以给村小学上血防课、广播、专栏板报、发放宣传画和传单、放警示牌等方法进行健康教育。于2015年选取3个干预村以及3个对照村,以单纯随机抽样的方法在项目村中抽取当地居民为研究对象开展一对一的问卷调查。结果单项评价法结果显示干预村血防知识知晓率及行为平均正确率分别为73.37%、80.77%,对照村为50.10%、66.40%;综合评价法结果显示干预村血防知识知晓率及行为正确率分别为79.14%、97.49%,对照村为47.89%、79.40%。2种方法均表明干预村村民知识知晓率及行为正确率高于对照村,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论调查结果表明,采用以健康教育为主的干预措施能够提高疫区人民对血吸虫病相关知识的了解,促进健康行为的形成,能够应用于血吸虫防控工作。
Objective To understand the effect of health education intervention on schistosomiasis in Guanghan. Methods Beginning in 2011, the villagers in interventional villages conducted health education by giving blood tests, radio broadcasts, special newspaper bulletin boards, distributing posters and leaflets and placing warning signs on village primary schools. In 2015, 3 intervention villages and 3 control villages were selected, and one-on-one questionnaires were drawn from the local residents in the project villages by simple random sampling. Results The results of individual evaluation showed that the awareness rate and the average correct rate of blood prevention were 73.37% and 80.77% respectively in the intervention village and 50.10% and 66.40% in the control village respectively. The results of comprehensive evaluation showed that the awareness rate and behavior correct rate 79.14% and 97.49% respectively, while the control villages were 47.89% and 79.40% respectively. Both of the two methods showed that the knowledge rate of villagers and the correct rate of behaviors in intervention villagers were higher than those in control villages, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The survey results show that using health education-based interventions can improve people’s understanding of schistosomiasis-related knowledge in affected areas and promote the formation of healthy behaviors, which can be applied to prevention and control of schistosomiasis.