黄瓜霜霉病和瓜蚜是北方保护地黄瓜主要病虫害。霜霉病是气传病害,埴株感病后叶片迅速干枯,病斑上的霉层变成黑色,所以农民称之为“跑马干”或“黑毛”。一般年份减产20一30％.严重的达40—50％,甚至只采收1—2次瓜就拉秧,实属一种毁灭性的病害,种植黄瓜的菜农,对该病往往束手无策。瓜类蔬菜上的蚜虫是棉蚜,一年发生20多代,以卵越冬。瓜蚜在北方冬季温室、阳畦内仍可繁殖为害。成蚜和若蚜群集在叶背、嫩茎和嫩尖吸食汁液,使叶片卷缩,生长缓慢,结瓜期缩短,防治不及时,以致整株萎蔫死亡.造成减产。由于化学农药长期大面积.大剂量在瓜上使用,对作物伤害,对土壤污染和瓜条残毒等公害问题,已引起各方面的重视。因此,生产上要求改进防治技术,尽快减少和控制化学农药公害,提高瓜的产量和品质,摆脱喷药繁重的体力劳动已成当务之急。在作物生长比较茂密的保护地,喷药十分困难,且药液不易喷撒 Cucumber downy mildew and melon aphid are the main cucumber pests in the northern protected areas. Downy mildew is a gas-borne disease. After the plant is infected, the leaves become rapidly dry and the mildew on the lesion turns black. Therefore, the peasants call it “Happy Horse” or “Black Hair.” The general year cut 20 to 30%. Serious up to 40-50%, or even 1-2 times harvested cucumber seedlings, it is a devastating disease, cucumber growers, the disease often helpless. Aphids on melons and vegetables are cotton aphids, more than 20 generations a year, overwinter with eggs. Aphis gossypii in the northern winter greenhouse, Yang Yang can still reproductive damage. Aphids and aphids clustered in the leaves back, tender stems and tender tip of the juice, the leaves curling, slow growth, shorten the fruiting period, prevention and treatment is not timely, resulting in wilting whole plant death. Due to the long-term large area of ​​chemical pesticides and the large dose of water used on melons, it has drawn great attention from all quarters on such issues as crop damage, pollution of the soil and residues of melons. Therefore, it is imperative that production requires improvement of control technologies, reduction and control of chemical pesticides as soon as possible, improvement of yield and quality of melons, and elimination of heavy manual labor. In relatively dense crop growth protection, spraying is very difficult, and the liquid is not easy to spray