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强降雨是碎石土滑坡的主要诱发因素。通过室内人工强降雨对碎石土边坡进行研究,在雨强为1.6 mm/min下研究了初始含水率与降雨历时相同时不同斜坡坡度(缓坡22°和陡坡31°)下模型边坡的变形特征和雨水入渗特征。结果表明:随降雨历时增加,坡体沉降值及坡体内部水平位移不断增加,其中在坡腰0.5 m处和坡脚处最大累积水平位移分别为1.99 mm、1.82 mm(缓坡),0.42 mm、0.29 mm(陡坡);降雨过程中,坡体入渗过程是自上而下发展变化的,降雨结束时坡脚雨水入渗深度最大,坡顶次之,坡腰最小,且在缓坡坡顶和坡腰处雨水入渗深度比陡坡大;在同一雨强下,降雨结束后缓坡最终沉降值比陡坡大,且在坡脚处沉降值最大。以上结果有利于对降雨入渗诱发碎石土滑坡的失稳机理和变形机制的进一步研究。
Heavy rainfall is the main inducing factor of landslide on gravel landslide. The gravelly soil slope was studied by indoor artificial rainfall. Under the conditions of rain intensity of 1.6 mm / min, the slope of the model slopes with different slope gradients (gentle slope 22 ° and steep slope 31 °) Deformation characteristics and rainfall infiltration characteristics. The results show that with the increase of rainfall duration, the settlement value of the slope and the horizontal displacement inside the slope increase continuously. The maximum horizontal displacement at the slope of 0.5 m and the foot of the slope are 1.99 mm, 1.82 mm (gentle slope), 0.42 mm, 0.29 mm (steep slope). During the rainfall, the infiltration process of slope body developed and changed from top to bottom. The infiltration depth of slope foot water was the highest at the end of rainfall, followed by the top of slope, The infiltration depth of the rainwater on the slope is greater than that of the steep slope. Under the same rainfall intensity, the final settlement value of the gentle slope is larger than the steep slope at the same rainfall intensity, and the maximum settlement value is at the foot of the slope. The above results are helpful to further study on the instability mechanism and deformation mechanism of landslides induced by rainfall infiltration.