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利用SCoT分子标记分析国内外8个黄花蒿品种(品系)群体的遗传结构及遗传多样性,运用POPGENE软件计算相关遗传参数,UPGMA方法聚类生成树状图。结果表明:20条引物共检测到145个扩增位点,其中多态位点122个;物种水平上,PPB=84.1%,H=0.217 3和H_(ap)=0.341 9,表明8个黄花蒿品种(品系)的遗传多样性较高;在群体水平上,各遗传参数的平均值为PPB=41.9%,H=0.121 5,H_(pop)=0.186 8,表明遗传多样性较低;Nei’s基因多样性指数计算的遗传分化系数(G_(st)=0.441 0)说明大部分遗传变异存在于品种(品系)内;品种(品系)间存在基因流障碍(N_m=0.633 9);品种(品系)间的Nei’s遗传一致度(I)为0.755 1-0.985 7;8个品种(品系)聚为2个大类,具有相同或相似遗传背景的品种(品系)具有聚为一类的倾向。研究结果显示,在黄花蒿品种选育中应加强育成品种的交流、增加优异基因的相互渗透,从而拓宽黄花蒿的遗传基础。
The genetic structure and genetic diversity of 8 populations of Artemisia annua L. were analyzed by SCoT molecular markers. The genetic parameters were calculated by POPGENE software, and the dendrograms were generated by UPGMA clustering. The results showed that 145 primer pairs were detected, of which 122 polymorphic loci were polymorphic; PPB = 84.1%, H = 0.217 3 and H ap = 0.341 9, indicating that 8 yellow flowers Artemisia species had higher genetic diversity. At the population level, the average of genetic parameters was PPB = 41.9%, H = 0.121 5, Pop = 0.186 8, indicating low genetic diversity. Nei’s The coefficient of genetic differentiation (G st = 0.441 0) calculated by genetic diversity index indicated that most of the genetic variations existed in varieties (lines); there were gene flow disorders among varieties (lines N_m = 0.633 9) ) Of Nei’s genetic identity (I) was 0.755 1-0.985 7; 8 cultivars (cultivars) clustered into 2 major cultivars, and cultivars (strains) with the same or similar genetic background tended to cluster. The results showed that the breeding of Artemisia annua L. should strengthen the exchange of breeding varieties, increase the mutual penetration of excellent genes, thereby broadening the genetic basis of Artemisia annua.