植物血凝素 phytohemag-glutinin(PHA)从植物种子如豆类中提取的一种血细胞凝集素。PHA 能直接使红细胞发生凝集,也能刺激小淋巴细胞发生淋巴母细胞转化,以及引起皮肤反应。在免疫学研究中常把它的刺激作用作为非特异性免疫的一个指标。抗核抗体 antinuclear an-tibody(ANA)是针对细胞核或细胞核成分的相应抗体。在许多自身免疫病如系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿关节炎、硬 Phytohemag-glutinin (PHA) A hemagglutinin extracted from plant seeds such as legumes. PHA can directly agglutinate red blood cells, but also can stimulate small lymphocyte transformation of lymphoblasts, and cause skin reactions. In the study of immunology often its stimulating effect as an indicator of non-specific immunity. Anti-nuclear antibody antinuclear an-tibody (ANA) is the corresponding antibody to the nucleus or nucleus components. In many autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, hard