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原产于东南亚的多食性害虫康瘿蚊(Contarinia maculipennis Felt)于2010年首次在我国海南省三亚市的兰花大棚中被发现。2012~2013年笔者对该入侵害虫在海南省的发生危害情况进行了全面调查,结果表明,该害虫已在文昌市、东方市、乐东县和三亚市的主要兰花种植基地普遍发生,其主要寄主为兰科(Orchidaceae)的石斛兰(Dendrobium spp.),在7个兰花种植场中石斛兰的被害指数介于5.45~97.92。康瘿蚊幼虫种群发生动态随岛内季节性气温的高低而变化,其中,害虫高种群密度的发生和对兰花的主要为害期出现于每年的6月下旬~12月中旬,石斛兰花苞的受害率与田间康瘿蚊幼虫的种群密度显著相关。
Contarinia maculipennis Felt, a polyphagous insect pest originating in Southeast Asia, was first discovered in 2010 in an orchid greenhouse in Sanya City, Hainan Province, China. From 2012 to 2013, the author conducted a comprehensive survey on the occurrence of the pest in Hainan Province. The results showed that the pest mainly occurred in the major orchid planting bases in Wenchang, Dongfang, Ledong and Sanya, and the main The host was Dendrobium spp. From Orchidaceae. The index of dendrobium nobileensis ranged from 5.45 to 97.92 in seven orchid farms. The population dynamics of Aconitum mosquito larvae vary with the seasonal temperature in the island, in which the occurrence of pest high population density and the main damage period to orchids occur from the end of June to the middle of December each year, and the damage of the bud of dendrobium orchid The rate was significantly related to the population density of Aconitum moschata larvae in the field.