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[目的]研究臭牡丹根不同极性溶剂提取物对常见植物病原微生物的抑菌效果。[方法]制备了乙醇、乙醚、乙酸乙酯和蒸馏水4种臭牡丹提取物,采用菌饼法研究臭牡丹根的抑菌能力,包括抑菌圈直径(十字交叉法)、最小抑菌浓度(MIC)的测定。并以小麦赤霉为指示菌,观察了pH值为5～8范围内臭牡丹根提取物的抑菌活性。[结果]臭牡丹根的4种提取物对小麦纹枯病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、水稻纹枯病菌、玉米大斑病菌均具有不同程度的抑菌作用,其中,蒸馏水提取物的抑菌效果最好,其次为乙酸乙酯、乙醚,80%乙醇提取物的抑菌效果最差。4种溶剂提取物对小麦赤霉的抑制效果几乎都优于其他的菌种,而对玉米大斑的抑制效果最差,可能是其抑菌机理不同,导致对不同菌的抑菌能力产生差异。乙酸乙酯提取液对小麦赤霉、小麦纹枯、水稻纹枯和玉米大斑最小抑菌浓度分别为16、20、20、25mg/ml;80%乙醇提取液对水稻纹枯和小麦赤霉的最小抑菌浓度为30mg/ml,而对小麦纹枯和玉米大斑的最小抑菌浓度为35mg/ml;蒸馏水提取液对小麦纹枯和小麦赤霉的最小抑菌浓度为10mg/ml,水稻纹枯和玉米大斑的最小抑菌浓度分别为16、20mg/ml;乙醚提取液对小麦赤霉、小麦纹枯、水稻纹枯和玉米大斑最小抑制浓度分别为10、20、20、30mg/ml。总的看来,臭牡丹根提取物对这几种常见植物致病菌的MIC均在35mg/ml以下。臭牡丹根提取物在pH值5～8的范围内具有不同程度的抑菌作用。80%乙醇提取物和乙酸乙酯提取物在中性条件下,抑菌效果较好,然后,随着pH值增加或减小而变差;乙醚提取物在酸性条件下,对小麦赤霉的抑制作用大于在中性和碱性条件下;而蒸馏水的则与乙醚相反,表明其抑菌活性受pH值的影响较大。[结论]臭牡丹根对4种病原微生物具有较好的抑制效果,其抑菌活性受pH值影响较大。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the antibacterial effect of different polar solvent extracts of Odoti pendula on common plant pathogenic microorganisms. [Method] Four kinds of stinky peony extracts of ethanol, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and distilled water were prepared. The antibacterial ability of stinky peony root was studied by means of bacterial cake method, including inhibition zone diameter (cross cross method), minimum inhibitory concentration MIC) determination. The Gibberella yezoensis was used as indicator bacteria to observe the antibacterial activity of the peony root extract in the pH range of 5 ~ 8. [Result] Four kinds of extracts of stinky moutan root had inhibitory effects on R. solanacearum, Gibberella zeae, Rhizoctonia solani and S. turcica with different degrees of antibacterial activity. Among them, antibacterial activity of distilled water extract The best, followed by ethyl acetate, ethyl ether, 80% ethanol extract the worst antibacterial effect. The inhibitory effects of four kinds of solvent extracts on wheat scab were almost superior to those of other strains, but the inhibition effect on the large spot of corn was the worst, which may be due to the different antibacterial mechanism, which led to the different antibacterial ability . The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ethyl acetate extract on wheat scab, wheat withered, rice withered and corn spot were 16, 20, 20 and 25 mg / ml, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration of 30mg / ml, and wheat spot and corn spot the minimum inhibitory concentration of 35mg / ml; distilled water extract of wheat withered and wheat scab minimum inhibitory concentration of 10mg / ml, The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of rice grain and maize spot were 16 and 20 mg / ml, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ether extract on wheat scab, wheat withered, rice withered and corn spot were 10, 30mg / ml. Overall, the stinky peony root extract of these common plant pathogens MIC are 35mg / ml or less. Odorous peony root extract in the pH range of 5 to 8 with varying degrees of antibacterial effect. 80% ethanol extract and ethyl acetate extract had better antibacterial activity under neutral condition, then decreased with the increase or decrease of pH value. The inhibition was greater than that under neutral and alkaline conditions, while distilled water was the opposite of ether, indicating that its antibacterial activity was greatly affected by the pH value. [Conclusion] Stinky moutan has a good inhibitory effect on four kinds of pathogenic microorganisms, and its antibacterial activity is greatly influenced by pH value.