The Shengfu- dongsheng coal field is the largest coal field in China. Since the field is ill the ecologically vulnerable area of the Loess Plateau, the environmental problems caused by mining are of great concern. In this paper, the impact of coal mining on river sedimentation was studied from hydrologic record, measurements of channel deposition, and sample analysis of deposits. Results show that mining has changed the suspended sediment concentrations, sediment discharges, sediment deposition in rivers and profiles significantly. The Shengfu- dongsheng coal field is the largest coal field in China. Since the field is ill the ecologically vulnerable area of ​​the Loess Plateau, the environmental problems caused by mining are of great concern. In this paper, the impact of coal mining on river sedimentation was studied from hydrologic record, measurements of channel deposition, and sample analysis of deposits. Results show that mining has changed the suspended sediment concentrations, sediment discharges, sediment deposition in rivers and profiles significantly.