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心肌缺血/再灌注中存在着不同程度的心肌损伤,并且理论上难以避免。如何减少缺血/再灌注心肌损伤已成为心肌保护的研究热点之一。目前保护缺血损伤心肌的研究大量涌出,主要方法有缺血预处理、缺血后处理、控制性再灌注等,旨在提高再灌注疗效,改善患者预后。该文就心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的机制、保护缺血心肌免受损伤的两种主要方法及其现状进行综述,并进一步阐述它们的应用前景。
Myocardial ischemia / reperfusion there are varying degrees of myocardial damage, and in theory is difficult to avoid. How to reduce ischemia / reperfusion myocardial injury has become one of the hot topics in myocardial protection. At present, there are a large number of studies on the protection of ischemic myocardium, including ischemic preconditioning, ischemic postconditioning and controlled reperfusion. The aim is to improve the reperfusion effect and improve the prognosis of patients. This article reviews the mechanisms of myocardial ischemia / reperfusion injury and the two main methods of protecting ischemic myocardium from injury and their status quo, and further expounds their application prospects.