抗-D抗体引起的新生儿溶血病(HDN)严重程度极高,可导致新生儿水肿、贫血、肝脾肿大、黄疸甚至死亡,如不经有效治疗,有70%的患儿死于出生后的2～15天,存活的婴儿恢复后期可出现运动障碍和智力不全等后遗症[1]。最有效的治疗方法是患儿出生后及时为患儿换血。但我国汉族人群中Rh(D)阴性分布率为0.2%～0.3%,所以血站甚至血液中心保 Anti-D antibodies cause severe neonatal hemolytic disease (HDN), can lead to neonatal edema, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice or even death, if not effectively treated, 70% of children died of the disease 2 to 15 days after the survival of infants recover late may have disorders such as movement disorders and mental retardation and other complications [1]. The most effective treatment is the timely exchange of blood for children after birth. However, the negative distribution rate of Rh (D) in Chinese Han population is 0.2% ~ 0.3%, so blood stations and even blood centers