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作者根据近年来对长架式平地机工作部件和整机性能参数的试验研究,介绍了试验台架基本方案及光电传感、电液联控的自动控制系统的实用装置;对靠跨度平整的平地机的工作特性进行了理论分析。 文中提出,靠跨度平整的平地机的平整能力用其幅频特性A表示,得出A值同有效跨度L(即总跨度)、内跨度l(铲刃到后支承点间距)和它们的比值α,以及地表不平度长度S之间的函数关系式。并通过试验验证提出:根据地表条件在l趋近于S时,平整能力最好以及较长内跨度适应能力强的原理;进行总体参数设计的基本方法。还指出,采用自动控制,可获得较长的有效跨度,而且将跟踪轮式自控型在较长,下进行水平方位自动控制,便可获得很大的有效跨度,从而大幅度地提高平整能力。
Based on the experimental study of the working components and overall machine performance parameters of the long-running motor grader in recent years, the author introduces the basic scheme of the test stand and the practical devices of the photoelectric control and electro-hydraulic automatic control system; The working characteristics of graders were analyzed theoretically. The paper proposes that the flattening ability of a motor grader with a flat span is expressed by its amplitude-frequency characteristic A, resulting in an A value that is the same as the effective span L (that is, the total span), an internal span l (the distance between the blade and the back support point), and their ratios. α, and the functional relationship between the surface roughness length S. Through experimental verification, it is proposed that: based on the surface conditions, when l approaches to S, the flattening capability is best, and the principle of longer internal span adaptability is strong; and the basic method of overall parameter design is performed. It is also pointed out that with automatic control, a longer effective span can be obtained, and the tracking wheel type automatic control will be automatically controlled at a longer and lower horizontal position, so that a large effective span can be obtained, thereby greatly improving the leveling capacity.