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目的调查和分析浙江省某市麻疹疫情流行特征,查明麻疹疫情流行的原因,探讨麻疹防治对策。方法现场流行病学调查,描述性流行病学分析,用血凝抑制(HI)法检测麻疹IgG抗体。结果2004年1月至2005年2月28日,全市共报告麻疹病例599例,男性343例,女性256例。2004年11月麻疹疫情开始流行,12月至次年1月达到高峰,病例分布广泛,散发和局部暴发并存。病例中无免疫史的占62.02%,免疫史不详占22.11%。共采集育龄妇女血清样本109份,其中抗体阳性105份,阴性4份,阳性率为96.33%,几何平均滴度为1∶8.0。结论需要加强麻疹疫苗的常规免疫工作,同时要考虑对大年龄组人群接种麻疹疫苗,继续加强麻疹监测,探讨流动儿童的计划免疫管理模式。
Objective To investigate and analyze the epidemic characteristics of measles epidemic in a certain city of Zhejiang Province, and to find out the causes of the epidemic of measles and to explore the countermeasures of measles prevention and treatment. Methods Epidemiological survey, descriptive epidemiological analysis and measles IgG antibody detection by HI method. Results From January 2004 to February 28, 2005, a total of 599 cases of measles were reported in the city, including 343 males and 256 females. The epidemic of measles began to popularize in November 2004, reaching a peak from December to January of the next year with widespread distribution of cases and the simultaneous distribution of local outbreaks. Cases without immunization history accounted for 62.02%, immune history is unknown accounted for 22.11%. A total of 109 serum samples from women of childbearing age were collected, of which 105 were positive for antibodies and 4 for negative ones. The positive rate was 96.33%. The geometric mean titer was 1: 8.0. Conclusion The routine immunization of measles vaccine needs to be strengthened. At the same time, measles vaccination should be considered for the large age group, measles measles monitoring should continue to be strengthened to explore the mode of immunization for migrant children.