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还在讨论我国人口过剩的时候,我们已跨入老龄化社会的门槛,来自民政部的数据显示,从2000年至2020年,我国60岁以上老人平均每年将增加596万,年均增长速度为3．28％,大大超过总人口0．66％的增长速度。在家庭和社会结构的巨大变化和转型中,妥善解决城乡养老扶老问题,不仅考验着执政党和每一个家庭细胞,而且考验着政府的智慧和能力。中华民族历来奉行尊老、养老的美德。1982年联合国大会批准《维也纳老龄问题国际行动计划》时,秘书长瓦尔德海姆就提出“以中国为代表的亚洲方式,是全世界解决老年问题的榜样。”同时,家庭养老也是国家一向积极鼓励和倡导的养老制度。但是在今天,传统的家庭养老的方式遭到新的冲击。其一,目前,在我国城市中“421”和“422”式家庭结构占很大的比例,要求家庭中两个或一个年轻的劳动人口在家照顾双亲及祖父母辈老人几乎是不现实的。高龄老人除了日常生活和身体需要照顾外,他们在精神生活方面也需要得到不断的填充,需要得到感情交流。而在不断加大的生存竞争压力下,中青年群体已经难以在时间、精力上更多的顾及父母。
When talking about the overpopulation in our country, we have stepped into the threshold of an aging society. According to the data from the Ministry of Civil Affairs, from 2000 to 2020, the average annual growth rate of the elderly over the age of 60 in our country will increase by 5.96 million annually 3.28%, far exceeding the growth rate of 0.66% of the total population. In the great changes and transformation of the family and social structure, properly solving the problem of providing end-of-age and helping the elderly in urban and rural areas not only tests the ruling party and every family cell, but also tests the wisdom and ability of the government. The Chinese nation has always followed the virtues of respecting the elderly and providing for the aged. In 1982, when the UN General Assembly approved the “Vienna International Plan of Action on Aging,” Secretary-General Walldheim proposed that “an Asian way represented by China is an example of the world’s solution to the problem of the elderly.” At the same time, family support for the aged is also a national initiative Encouragement and advocacy of the pension system. But today, the traditional way of providing for the aged is a new blow. First, at present, the large proportion of “421” and “422” family structures in Chinese cities require that it is almost unrealistic for two or a young working people in the family to take care of their parents and grandparents at home. In addition to the daily needs of the elderly and the elderly, elderly people also need to be continuously filled in their spiritual life and need emotional exchanges. Under the pressure of increasing competition for survival, young and middle-aged people are having difficulty taking care of their parents in terms of time and energy.