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端粒酶合成端粒，端粒保护染色体。对许多系统内端粒酶的检测结果表明：在肿瘤组织内其通常表达，而在对照正常组织内几乎不表达；实验证实，正常细胞永生化变时，端粒酶必然在细胞内表达；抑制端粒酶可使无限增殖细胞失去永生性，而无限增殖能力是肿瘤细胞必备性质，因此，端粒酶的激活很可能是肿瘤发生发展过程中一个重要事件。另有实验证实端粒酶的调控与病毒、ｐ５３和细胞周期密切相关。针对肿瘤细胞在不同细胞周期内表达不同端粒酶活性，提出了关于端粒酶调控机制的周期循环灭活假说。总之，端粒酶可能成为关系肿瘤早诊、预后和治疗的又一重要物质。
Telomerase synthesizes telomeres and telomeres protect chromosomes. The detection results of telomerase in many systems showed that it is normally expressed in tumor tissues but almost not in control normal tissues; experiments confirmed that telomerase must be expressed in cells during immortalization of normal cells; inhibition Telomerase can cause immortality of immortalized cells. Indefinite proliferative capacity is an essential property of tumor cells. Therefore, the activation of telomerase may be an important event in the development of tumors. Another experiment confirmed that the regulation of telomerase is closely related to virus, p53 and cell cycle. In view of the different telomerase activity of tumor cells expressed in different cell cycles, a cyclical inactivation hypothesis on telomerase regulation mechanism was proposed. In conclusion, telomerase may be another important substance in relation to early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of tumors.