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欧美的抽象主义、表现主义、形式主义等艺术风潮随着中国的改革开放,飘到了国内,尤其自’85新潮之后,中国艺术类院校绘画的传统教学方式受到了很大的冲击,西画写实主义的绘画体系,在很多院校被冲得七零八落,基础素描被所谓的革新所改变,写实油画的艺术形式被观念艺术所替代。上世纪70年代末80年代初,美术创作和绘画教学的多元性渐渐打破了现实主义的一统天下,契斯恰科夫和他的体系受到指责而渐渐淡出视野,甚至有人提出前苏联的素描教学体系(契斯恰科夫素描教学)阻碍了中国艺术的发展,于是全国风行全盘推翻前苏联的教学模式,随波逐流赶起了欧美抽象、形式等主义的时髦,学院的现实主义教学方式受到了严重的挑战。有感于此,本文从以下三个方面进行阐述:
The tide of art such as abstractism, expressionism and formalism in Europe and the United States floated in China with the reform and opening up in China. Especially since the ’85 fashion, the traditional teaching methods of Chinese art colleges and universities have been greatly affected. The system of painting was washed away in many institutions. The basic drawings were changed by so-called innovations. The art form of realistic oil painting was replaced by conceptual art. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the pluralism of art creation and painting teaching gradually broke the domination of realism. Chestyakov and his system were gradually denigrated by accusations. Some even proposed the teaching of sketch in the former Soviet Union The system (Chekhovov Sketch Teaching) hindered the development of Chinese art, so the nationwide prevalence of overthrowing the teaching model of the former Soviet Union and catching up with the abstraction of European and American abstraction, formalism and other forms of Isochronism, College realism teaching has been severely affected The challenge In this sense, this article elaborates from the following three aspects: