在５５０～７００℃温度范围研究了碱土、稀土单组份催化剂对湿天然气中乙烷氧化脱氢反应的影响，结果表明，７００℃时碱土金属碳酸盐催化剂有较好活性，活性如下：ＢａＣＯ３＞ＳｒＣＯ３＞ＣａＣＯ３＞ＭｇＣＯ３。稀土氧化物催化剂中轻稀土有较好活性、选择性。添加不同阴离子催化剂表现出不同的活性，ＢａＣＯ３有较好活性，在７００℃时对乙烷转化率为４７．２１％，乙烯收率为１８．８４％。催化剂活性与其晶格氧活动性有对应关系。 The effects of alkaline earth and rare earth single component catalysts on the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane in wet natural gas were investigated at 550-700 ℃. The results showed that the alkaline earth metal carbonate catalysts have good activity at 700 ℃ with the following activities: BaCO3 > SrCO3> CaCO3> MgCO3. Rare earth oxide catalysts in the light of the better activity, selectivity. Addition of different anionic catalysts showed different activities. BaCO3 had better activity. At 700 ℃, the conversion of ethane was 47.21% and the yield of ethylene was 18.84%. The catalytic activity has a corresponding relationship with its lattice oxygen activity.