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目的探讨健康教育对高血压、高血糖和高血脂患者与其他人群的血压、血糖和血脂的干预效果。方法 2010年—2012年对南京市某大型国企144名中层干部开展有关“三高”的健康教育并收集体检资料,对高血压、高血糖和高血脂患者和其他人群健康教育前后血压、血脂和血糖水平的变化情况进行自身前后比较,计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果高血压患者健康教育后收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)为(129.56±13.63)、(89.50±9.68)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)明显较前[(148.22±7.97)、(93.78±5.67)mm Hg]降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),健康教育也控制了高血糖和高血脂患者血糖和血脂水平的进一步升高;而正常人群两年后各指标普遍上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本次健康教育对血压异常者有显著效果,对高血脂和高血糖患者的血脂、血糖水平能达到一定的控制作用,但对正常人群无效。对于“三高”人群要继续采取有针对性的健康教育,对正常人群应采取更为有效的综合性干预策略。
Objective To investigate the intervention effects of health education on blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipids in patients with hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia and other populations. Methods From 2010 to 2012, we conducted “three highs” health education on 144 middle-level cadres in a large state-owned enterprise in Nanjing and collected the medical information. The data of blood pressure, blood pressure, blood pressure, Blood lipids and blood glucose levels were compared before and after their own, measurement data using t test, count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in patients with hypertension were (129.56 ± 13.63) and (89.50 ± 9.68) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) (148.22 ± 7.97), (93.78 ± 5.67) mm Hg], the difference was statistically significant (all P <0.05), and health education also controlled the hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in patients with blood glucose and lipid levels further increased ; While the normal population two years later the indicators generally increased, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion This health education has a significant effect on abnormal blood pressure, blood lipid and blood glucose levels in patients with hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia can achieve some control, but the normal population is invalid. For the “three-high” crowd to continue to take targeted health education, the normal population should take a more effective and comprehensive intervention strategy.