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2013年在宜良县通过田间试验,研究了水稻幼穗分化期至齐穗期水分胁迫对云南大面积生产应用的6个粳稻品种产量及产量构成因素、功能叶叶面积及SPAD值的影响。结果表明:幼穗分化至齐穗期水分胁迫后6个品种实际产量比正常灌溉产量下降11.03%,达极显著水平。幼穗分化至齐穗期水分胁迫后有效穗数、总粒数、实粒数分别比正常灌水降低4.58%、7.21%、8.53%,其中对实粒数影响最大,达显著水平。水分胁迫后齐穗期功能叶高效、低效、总叶面积指数比正常灌水分别降低13.60%、10.55%、12.92%,水分胁迫后幼穗分化至齐穗期的倒1叶、倒2叶、倒3叶SPAD值比正常灌水分别降低1.26%、1.32%、2.69%。在幼穗分化至齐穗期水分胁迫条件下,抗旱性强的品种穗总粒数、实粒数、结实率降低的幅度小,抗旱性较弱的品种降低的幅度大;抗旱性强的品种功能叶SPAD受影响越小,且有增加的趋势,而抗旱性较弱的品种呈下降趋势。
In 2013, field experiments were conducted in Yiliang County to study the effects of water stress on the yield, yield components, functional leaf area and SPAD value of 6 japonica rice cultivars from the panicle stage to the full heading stage. The results showed that the actual yield of 6 cultivars decreased from 11.03% after spikelets heading to full heading stage, reaching an extremely significant level. The number of panicles after panicle spike to full heading was decreased by 4.58%, 7.21% and 8.53%, respectively, compared with normal irrigation. Under water stress, the functional leaves at full heading stage were highly efficient and inefficient, and the total LAI decreased by 13.60%, 10.55% and 12.92%, respectively. Compared with the normal irrigation, The SPAD value of down 3 leaves decreased 1.26%, 1.32% and 2.69% respectively compared with normal irrigation. Under the conditions of water stress from young spike differentiation to full heading, the varieties with higher drought-resistance had less decrease in total grain number, real grain number and seed setting rate, but lower drought-resistance varieties; The functional leaf SPAD was less affected, and had an increasing trend, while the drought-resistant varieties showed a downward trend.